“Learning Disabilities” is an umbrella term describing a number of other, more specific learning disabilities, including:

• Dyslexia

• Dysgraphia

• Dyscalculia

• Non-Verbal Learning Disability

• Oral/Written Language Disorder

• Specific Reading Comprehension Deficit

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Learning disabilities are due to genetic and/or neurobiological factors that alter brain functioning in a manner that affects one or more cognitive processes related to learning. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and/or math. They can also interfere with higher-level skills such as organization, time planning, abstract reasoning, long or short-term memory, and attention. It is important to realize that learning disabilities can affect an individual’s life beyond academics and can impact relationships with family, friends, and the workplace.

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Since difficulties with reading, writing, and/or math are recognizable during the school years, the signs and symptoms of learning disabilities are most often identified during that time. However, some people do not receive proper attention, an evaluation, or a diagnosis and go through life never knowing why they have difficulties with certain subjects or tasks and why they may be having problems in their jobs or in relationships with family and friends.

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There often appears to be a gap between the individual’s potential and actual achievement. This is why learning disabilities are referred to as “hidden disabilities”: the person looks perfectly “normal” and seems to be a very bright and intelligent person, yet may be unable to demonstrate the skill level expected from someone of a similar age.

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With appropriate identification, support, and intervention, people with learning disabilities can achieve success in school, at work, in relationships, and in the community.